What are Charts?
A price chart is a sequence of prices plotted over a specific timeframe. In statistical
terms, charts are referred to as time series plots.

On the chart, the y-axis (vertical axis) represents the price scale and the x-axis (horizontal axis) represents the time scale. Prices are plotted from left to right across the x-axis with the most recent plot being the furthest right. The price plot for MMM extends from January 1, 1999 to March 13, 2000.
Technicians, technical analysts and chartists use charts to analyze a wide array of securities and forecast future price movements. The word “securities” refers to any tradable financial instrument or quantifiable index such as stocks, bonds, commodities, futures or market indices. Any security with price data over a period of time can be used to form a chart for analysis.
While technical analysts use charts almost exclusively, the use of charts is not limited to of a security’s price movement over a specific period of time, they can also be of great benefit to fundamental analysts.A graphical historical record makes it easy to spot the effect of key events on a security’s price, its performance over a period of time and whether it’s trading near its highs, near its lows, or in between.
How to Pick a Timeframe
The timeframe used for forming a chart depends on the compression of the data: intraday, daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly or annual data. The less compressed the data is, the more detail is displayed.
How are Charts Formed?
We will be explaining the construction of line, bar, candlestick and point & figure charts. Although there are other methods available, these are 4 of the most popular methods for displaying price data.
Line Chart:
The line chart is one of the simplest charts. It is formed by plotting one price point, usually the close, of a security over a period of time. Connecting the dots, or price points, over a period of time, creates the line.
Some investors and traders consider the closing level to be more important than the open, high or low. By paying attention to only the close, intraday swings can be ignored. Line charts are also used when open, high and low data points are not available. Sometimes only closing data are available for certain indices, thinly traded stocks and intraday prices.
Bar Chart:
Perhaps the most popular charting method is the bar chart. The high, low and close are required to form the price plot for each period of a bar chart. The high and low are represented by the top and bottom of the vertical bar and the close is the short horizontal line crossing the vertical bar. On a daily chart, each bar represents the high, on Friday’s close and the high and low for that week.



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